Roman Emperor Julian’ S Major Effort to Conquer Persia: Persiart7 


Roman Emperor Julian’s major effort to conquer Persia
Roman Emperor Julian (361 – 363 ACE) was determined to restore the Roman military supremacy by crushing the Persian Sasanian Empire once and for all.
In 362 ACE Julian invaded Persia with 65,000 troops. The Roman army was divided in two parts: 35,000 troops were led by Julian himself through Mesopotamia into Persia and 30,000 troops were led by Procopius towards Armenia. At Antioch, Julian was joined by 1,000 specially constructed ships which would follow the Roman army through the Euphrates.
The Romans captured Babylon and Seleucia and stood at the gates of the Persian Capital Ctesiphon. The campaign was successful for the Romans thus far, until Julian made a fatal decision to cross the Tigris and thrust straight into the heart of the Persian Sasanian capital. The Romans destroyed their own ships to prevent them from falling into Persian hands.
Both the armies met at Maranga where Julian quickly closed the gap between the two armies to neutralize the Persian archers and Persian heavy cavalry from launching lance charges. 
Though the Romans gained a tactical victory their position was weakened as the battle took a heavy toll on Roman soldiers and supplies. However, the bulk of Persian cavalry was intact and the Persian fortifications kept the Romans out of the capital. 
The Persian king Shapur II launched harassment raids on the Romans from time to time to break their morale. During one such raid, Julian was killed. 
The Roman command was then assumed by Jovian who quickly realized that victory was unattainable and decided to sue for peace. 
As per the treaty the Romans had to evacuate 5 major regions on the Tigris, 15 major fortresses and Rome was to refrain from extending help to Armenia in the event of a conflict.

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